Published: October 2025
Authors: Lewis Kundai, Jackson Oldfield

This paper was prepared by Lewis Kundai, CiFAR and reviewed by Jackson Oldfield, CiFAR in September 2025. The authors have made reasonable steps to ensure that the content is accurate.

CIFAR is responsible for case studies in Kenya within the research project Corruption in Paradise: An Ecology of Money Laundering through Real Estate in the Touristic Global South. This project investigates how six tourism-focused cities/regions from Brazil, Kenya, and Indonesia address illicit finance in the real estate market. The Corruption in Paradise research project is coordinated by GRIP (Public Integrity Research Group) at USI (Università della Svizzera italiana) and also includes FGVceapg (Center for Public Administration and Government Studies at the Getúlio Vargas Foundation’s São Paulo School of Business Administration) and the CACG (Center of Anti-Corruption and Governance Studies) at Politeknik STIA LAN Jakarta.

This research is part of the Governance & Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence (GI ACE) programme which generates actionable evidence that policymakers, practitioners and advocates can use to design and implement more effective anti-corruption initiatives. This GI ACE project is funded by UK International Development. The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the UK Government’s official policies.